The Indo-U.S. Cultural Property Agreement: Apathy and Progress

In India, cultural property is a cornerstone of its identity, encompassing heritage from across time periods, cultures, languages, and traditions. The Indo-U.S. Cultural Property Agreement (CPA) has been drafted to prevent the smuggling of Indian antiquities, reflecting India’s commitment to preserving its rich tapestry. This agreement operates as a preventive measure, aiming to deter illegal trade and pillage.

The CPA was discussed by Union Minister for Culture and Tourism, Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, in Rajya Sabha, where he emphasized the importance of cultural preservation. The agreement has set clear provisions for fostering cooperation and mutual understanding in matters of technical assistance, illicit trade, and pillaging. India’s involvement in international organizations such as UNESCO and INTERPOL underscores its role in cultural diplomacy.

Over the past year, 588 antiquities have been repatriated from the U.S., with 297 arriving in 2024. This progress is a testament to the agreement’s efforts and the collaborative efforts within India. The collaboration extends beyond cultural preservation; UNESCO and INTERPOL support cultural exchange projects, enhancing India’s global impact on cultural heritage.

Shri Shekhawat noted that despite challenges faced by U.S. authorities due to political tensions, the CPA has garnered support from India. This collaboration highlights the importance of cultural diplomacy in addressing both domestic and international issues.

In conclusion, while the Indo-U.S. Cultural Property Agreement has made strides in preventing smuggling and promoting cultural exchange, its effectiveness remains a matter of debate. Yet, it underscores India’s dedication to preserving its cultural heritage, aligning with broader efforts to protect cultural wealth globally.