Discovering the Breakthrough in Fundamental Physics: Bose Institute Scientists and ALICE Collaboration

In 2025, Bose Institute scientists received the prestigious Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics as part of the ALICE collaboration at CERN. This groundbreaking discovery not only advanced our understanding of particle physics but also demonstrated the potential of collaborative efforts across disciplines. Here’s a detailed look into this remarkable achievement:

1. The Discovery and Context: The Breakthrough Prize was awarded to Bose Institute scientists, highlighting their significant contributions to the ALICE experiment. This collaboration at CERN is renowned for its work in studying quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of extremely hot and dense matter created in the early universe.

2. Photon Multiplicity Detector (PMD): The centerpiece of ALICE’s experiments, the PMD, was deployed starting in 2008. It detected photons at forward rapidity and has been operational since 2014 until its decommissioning. These detectors are crucial for understanding QGP and have contributed significantly to physics analysis.

3. Time Projection Chamber (TPC) Upgrade: The TPC, which will be upgraded after the increased LHC’s luminosity, is a testament to Bose Institute’s role in experiment design. Its upgrade enhances detection capabilities with advanced GEM technology, supersedes IBF suppression and has been pivotal in advancing ALICE’s research.

4. Publications and Contributions: The collaborative effort resulted in 13,508 co-authors from Run-2 data, with Bose Institute scientists contributing around 6 publications. This includes their work on the PMD, TPC upgrade, and experimental contributions to particle physics, particularly in QCD studies.

5. Prize Distribution: The $3 million prize is split among ATLAS ($1 million), CMS ($1 million), ALICE ($500k), and LHCb ($500k). This financial support will fund student research opportunities for up to two years at CERN, enhancing students’ skills in this field.

6. Significance and Impact: The collaboration underscores the potential of global partnerships in advancing fundamental physics. It demonstrates how individual scientists contribute to broader projects, showcasing a model that encourages diversity and innovation across disciplines.

7. Call to Action: As part of ATLAS, CMS, and other experiments at CERN, Bose Institute scientists are making groundbreaking contributions. Encouraging others to participate or support these initiatives will further advance the field.

In conclusion, this discovery not only celebrated the achievements of Bose Institute scientists but also set a precedent for collaborative research in particle physics. It remains a beacon of progress and innovation, inspiring future generations of scientists to explore the vast frontiers of knowledge together.